RADIOATTIVITA' AMBIENTALE

The origin of the elements: unstable elements, energy balance, Q-value. Decay mechanisms: alpha, beta and gamma decays, neutron production, fission products. Recalls of the mechanisms of radiation-matter interaction. Direct ionizing radiation and indirectly ionizing radiation. Law of radioactive decay: probability of decay and average life, half-life, radioactive equilibrium. Natural decay chains. Natural sources and anthropogenic sources of radiation
ionizing. The Radon: implications and applications. Introduction to particle detectors: detection of charged particles, gamma radiation detection, neutron detection, detection efficiency. Monitoring of radioactivity: activity of a source, identification of radionuclide emitters, quantification of the concentration of radionuclides in environmental matrices, experimental monitoring techniques. Dosimetry and radiation protection elements: radiometric quantities and dosimetric quantities, effects of the interaction of ionizing radiations in the biological matter, absorption and shielding, outline of the regulation of dose limits. Notes on the techniques of control and reclamation of environmental matrices contaminated by radionuclides.

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